"khổ" meaning in All languages combined

See khổ on Wiktionary

Adjective [Vietnamese]

IPA: [xo˧˩] [Hà-Nội], [kʰow˧˨] [Huế], [xow˧˨] [Huế], [kʰow˨˩˦] (note: Saigon), [xow˨˩˦] (note: Saigon)
Etymology: Sino-Vietnamese word from 苦. Doublet of khó. Etymology templates: {{etymid|vi|苦}}, {{categorize|vi|Sino-Vietnamese words}}, {{vi-etym-sino|苦}} Sino-Vietnamese word from 苦, {{doublet|vi|khó}} Doublet of khó Head templates: {{head|vi|adjective|||||||head=|tr=}} khổ, {{vi-adj}} khổ
  1. miserable; painful
    Sense id: en-khổ-vi-adj-URM94Klm
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Interjection [Vietnamese]

IPA: [xo˧˩] [Hà-Nội], [kʰow˧˨] [Huế], [xow˧˨] [Huế], [kʰow˨˩˦] (note: Saigon), [xow˨˩˦] (note: Saigon)
Etymology: Sino-Vietnamese word from 苦. Doublet of khó. Etymology templates: {{etymid|vi|苦}}, {{categorize|vi|Sino-Vietnamese words}}, {{vi-etym-sino|苦}} Sino-Vietnamese word from 苦, {{doublet|vi|khó}} Doublet of khó Head templates: {{head|vi|interjection|head=|tr=}} khổ, {{vi-interjection}} khổ
  1. good grief (an expression of exasperation, annoyance, irritation)
    Sense id: en-khổ-vi-intj-MRDqEDjZ Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Sino-Vietnamese words, Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 16 57 18 9 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 9 73 9 9 Disambiguation of Sino-Vietnamese words: 36 64 Disambiguation of Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header: 12 74 11 3 Related terms: cực khổ, đau khổ, gian khổ, khổ cực, khổ đau, khổ hạnh, khổ nạn, khổ qua, khổ sở, khổ tâm, khốn khổ, thống khổ
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun [Vietnamese]

IPA: [xo˧˩] [Hà-Nội], [kʰow˧˨] [Huế], [xow˧˨] [Huế], [kʰow˨˩˦] (note: Saigon), [xow˨˩˦] (note: Saigon) Forms: [CJK]
Head templates: {{head|vi|noun|||head=|tr=苦}} khổ • (苦), {{vi-noun|苦}} khổ • (苦)
  1. a width of a roll of cloth
    Sense id: en-khổ-vi-noun-~OTgDj6H
  2. (by extension, of paper) a size Tags: broadly
    Sense id: en-khổ-vi-noun-Ym31dANf
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: khuôn khổ
Etymology number: 2
{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "苦"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "苦"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 苦",
      "name": "vi-etym-sino"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "khó"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of khó",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 苦. Doublet of khó.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "khổ",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "khổ",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Les Misérables",
          "text": "Những người cùng/khốn khổ",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "miserable; painful"
      ],
      "id": "en-khổ-vi-adj-URM94Klm",
      "links": [
        [
          "miserable",
          "miserable#English"
        ],
        [
          "painful",
          "painful#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[xo˧˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰow˧˨]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xow˧˨]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰow˨˩˦]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xow˨˩˦]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "khổ"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "苦"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "苦"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 苦",
      "name": "vi-etym-sino"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "khó"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of khó",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 苦. Doublet of khó.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "interjection",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "khổ",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "khổ",
      "name": "vi-interjection"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "intj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 57 18 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 73 9 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 64",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sino-Vietnamese words",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 74 11 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I get it! Good grief! Enough with the nagging!",
          "text": "Biết rồi, khổ lắm, nói mãi!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "good grief (an expression of exasperation, annoyance, irritation)"
      ],
      "id": "en-khổ-vi-intj-MRDqEDjZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "good grief",
          "good grief#English"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "cực khổ"
        },
        {
          "word": "đau khổ"
        },
        {
          "word": "gian khổ"
        },
        {
          "word": "khổ cực"
        },
        {
          "word": "khổ đau"
        },
        {
          "word": "khổ hạnh"
        },
        {
          "word": "khổ nạn"
        },
        {
          "word": "khổ qua"
        },
        {
          "word": "khổ sở"
        },
        {
          "word": "khổ tâm"
        },
        {
          "word": "khốn khổ"
        },
        {
          "word": "thống khổ"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[xo˧˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰow˧˨]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xow˧˨]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰow˨˩˦]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xow˨˩˦]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "khổ"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "khuôn khổ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "苦",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": "苦"
      },
      "expansion": "khổ • (苦)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "苦"
      },
      "expansion": "khổ • (苦)",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a width of a roll of cloth"
      ],
      "id": "en-khổ-vi-noun-~OTgDj6H",
      "links": [
        [
          "width",
          "width"
        ],
        [
          "roll",
          "roll"
        ],
        [
          "cloth",
          "cloth"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "A4 size",
          "text": "khổ A4",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a size"
      ],
      "id": "en-khổ-vi-noun-Ym31dANf",
      "links": [
        [
          "size",
          "size#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension, of paper) a size"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of paper"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[xo˧˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰow˧˨]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xow˧˨]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰow˨˩˦]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xow˨˩˦]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "khổ"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Sino-Vietnamese words",
    "Vietnamese adjectives",
    "Vietnamese doublets",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese interjections",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese nouns",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "苦"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "苦"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 苦",
      "name": "vi-etym-sino"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "khó"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of khó",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 苦. Doublet of khó.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "khổ",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "khổ",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Les Misérables",
          "text": "Những người cùng/khốn khổ",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "miserable; painful"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "miserable",
          "miserable#English"
        ],
        [
          "painful",
          "painful#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[xo˧˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰow˧˨]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xow˧˨]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰow˨˩˦]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xow˨˩˦]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "khổ"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Sino-Vietnamese words",
    "Vietnamese adjectives",
    "Vietnamese doublets",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese interjections",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese nouns",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "苦"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "苦"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 苦",
      "name": "vi-etym-sino"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "khó"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of khó",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 苦. Doublet of khó.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "interjection",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "khổ",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "khổ",
      "name": "vi-interjection"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "intj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "cực khổ"
    },
    {
      "word": "đau khổ"
    },
    {
      "word": "gian khổ"
    },
    {
      "word": "khổ cực"
    },
    {
      "word": "khổ đau"
    },
    {
      "word": "khổ hạnh"
    },
    {
      "word": "khổ nạn"
    },
    {
      "word": "khổ qua"
    },
    {
      "word": "khổ sở"
    },
    {
      "word": "khổ tâm"
    },
    {
      "word": "khốn khổ"
    },
    {
      "word": "thống khổ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I get it! Good grief! Enough with the nagging!",
          "text": "Biết rồi, khổ lắm, nói mãi!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "good grief (an expression of exasperation, annoyance, irritation)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "good grief",
          "good grief#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[xo˧˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰow˧˨]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xow˧˨]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰow˨˩˦]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xow˨˩˦]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "khổ"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese nouns",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "khuôn khổ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "苦",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": "苦"
      },
      "expansion": "khổ • (苦)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "苦"
      },
      "expansion": "khổ • (苦)",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a width of a roll of cloth"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "width",
          "width"
        ],
        [
          "roll",
          "roll"
        ],
        [
          "cloth",
          "cloth"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "A4 size",
          "text": "khổ A4",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a size"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "size",
          "size#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension, of paper) a size"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of paper"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[xo˧˩]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰow˧˨]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xow˧˨]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰow˨˩˦]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xow˨˩˦]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "khổ"
}

Download raw JSONL data for khổ meaning in All languages combined (4.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.